Early diagnosis of the neurodevelopmental disorder of autism (also known as autism spectrum disorder, or ASD) is crucial to assist the child with the full slate of developmental supports and interventions recommended by the American Association of Pediatrics from the earliest possible moments. However, research shows that children from rural, minority, or lower socioeconomic backgrounds are less likely to receive accurate diagnosis or treatment. Hospital Queue Management should be designed to minimize bias in Autism Assessments by ensuring that all patients are treated fairly and equally, regardless of their background or identity. One of the issues in this diagnostic disparity is implicit bias in the screening program. The following tips can help to minimize bias in these procedures.
Personalize the Assessments
Personalized approaches are recommended for diagnosing autism because cases of autism at different points of the spectrum can present in vastly different ways. Clinicians should carefully choose the appropriate assessment tool, such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2) or the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS-2). Pay particular attention to the needs of each patient in the diagnostic process, especially vulnerable, underrepresented populations. Understanding the culture that developed and normed the assessment is fundamental to ensuring the tool is appropriate for its intended use.
Identify Risk Factors for Bias
Screening tools are not the only aspect of the diagnostic process with potential for bias. Stereotypes or other risk factors may influence the decision-making ability of a clinician, such as:
- ambiguous or unclear scenario
- distracted state
- heightened emotions
- high level of pressure
- lack of accountability or feedback
Recognize and Address Implicit Bias
Race can subconsciously impact perceptions and explanations of others’ behavior. One example is a research scenario that instructed college students to determine if a series of children had Autism or Conduct Disorder White college students overwhelmingly attributed autism to White children and Conduct Disorder to Black children, and Black college students did the opposite. Completing a healthcare management certification online can help you learn about the best practices for minimizing bias in autism assessments. By examining and understanding the existence and implications of implicit bias, clinicians can take steps to reduce the possible damage that can result. Training on inclusion, equity, and diversity are helpful strategies in reducing the effects of stereotypes and bias in diagnosing and treating ASD.
Consider Connotation in Language
Word choice is critical in the screening, diagnostic, and treatment processes for ASD. Descriptive terms for autism should avoid negative connotations, including terms such as “trigger,” “aggressive,” or “obsessive.” Clients also appreciate sensitivity in referring to the child, determining if they prefer a person-first description (child with autism) or an identity-first description (autistic child). Research suggests that supportive language can reduce barriers to health care.
Analyze Data Methodically
Clinicians should examine the outcome of their evaluations to look for patterns. If disparities exist in diagnosing children of different races, they should look for policies or practices that may have contributed to these inconsistencies. Structures and processes for reviewing data and existing procedures and an encouraging culture openly discussing critical issues like stereotypes and implicit bias are crucial.
Early identification and treatment for autism are vital, and every child deserves equal access to quality care regardless of race, geographic location, or socioeconomic status. Visit WPS for more information about autism screening and diagnostic tools, medical facilities and the various ways they can help children.
